Sexual Violence in History: A Bibliography

compiled by Stefan Blaschke

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Start: Alphabetical Index: Author Index: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Unknown

First published: March 1, 2026 - Last updated: March 1, 2026

TITLE INFORMATION

Author: Idun Lundmark

Title: “Pumps och långa röda naglar”

Subtitle: En deskriptiv intervjustudie om genusrelationer i värnplikten på 1980-tal jämfört med 2020-tal

Translation: “Pumps and Long Red Nails”: A Descriptive Interview Study on Gender Relations in Military Service in the 1980s Compared to the 2020s

Thesis: B.A. Thesis, Uppsala Universitet

Supervisor: Per Adman

Year: 2025

Pages: 48pp.

OCLC Number: -

Language: Swedish

Keywords: Modern History: 20th Century, 21st Century | European History: Swedish History | Types: Sexual Harassment / Sexual Violence in the Military



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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Author: -

Abstract: »This descriptive study explores gender relations in female conscripts’ experiences of conducting military service in the Swedish Armed Forces, in the 1980’s compared to the 2020’s, through eight semi-structured interviews. Gender relations is in this study defined as Raewyn Connell’s (2009) four-dimensional model of gender relations, and this model is then used as the theoretical framework of this study, and is for example operationalized into several interview questions. Then follows a thematic analysis of gender relations in the described experiences of the informants. The findings of this study shows that gender relations manifest in conscription in various ways, for example through gendered discrimination and sexual harassment which is described by the informants of the study as occuring in both the 1980’s and 2020’s. Furthermore, gender relations manifest through, for example, informants describing themselves as feeling representative of the female gender while conducting military service – also a phenomenon that was described in both the 1980’s as well as the 2020’s. A difference between gender relations manifested in women’s experiences of military service in Sweden, during the 1980’s and the 2020’s, could however be found in, for example, the ways in which women feel the need to adapt to the masculine social environment – a phenomenon more remarkable in the 1980’s. Most striking however is the findings of the seemingly persistant occurrence of gendered discrimination and sexual harassment, in both the 2020’s and the 1980’s.« (Source: Thesis)

Contents:
  1. Introduktion (p. 7)
    1.1 Syfte och avgränsning (p. 8)
    1.2 Forskningsfråga (p. 9)
    2.3 Disposition (p. 9)
  2. Bakgrund (p. 9)
    2.1 Försvarsmakten och värnplikten (p. 9)
    2.2 Kvinnor i Försvarsmakten (p. 10)
    2.3 Tidigare forskning (p. 12)
  3. Teoretiskt ramverk (p. 14)
    3.1 Power relations (p. 15)
    3.2 Production, consumption and gendered accumulation (p. 16)
    3.3 Emotional relations (p. 17)
    3.4 Symbolism, culture, discourse (p. 17)
  4. Metod och material (p. 18)
    4.1 Samtalsintervjuer (p. 18)
      4.1.1 Urval av informanter (p. 18)
      4.1.2 Operationalisering (p. 20)
        Tabell 4.1 – Intervjufrågor av Power relations (p. 21)
        Tabell 4.2 – Intervjufrågor av Production, consumption and gendered accumulation (p. 22)
        Tabell 4.3 – Intervjufrågor av Emotional relations (p. 22)
        Tabell 4.4 – Intervjufrågor av Symbolism, culture, discourse (p. 23)
      4.1.3 Intervjuguiden (p. 24)
      4.1.4 Genomförande av intervjuerna (p. 25)
    4.2 Behandling, redovisning och analys av material (p. 26)
  5. Resultat & analys (p. 28)
      Figur 5.1 – Identifierade teman utifrån intervjufrågor baserade på fyra dimensioner av genusrelationer (p. 28)
    5.1 Analys: Power relations (p. 29)
    5.2 Analys: Production, consumption and gendered accumulation (p. 32)
    5.3 Analys: Emotional relations (p. 35)
    5.4 Analys: Symbolism, culture, discourse (p. 37)
  6. Slutsatser (p. 41)
      Figur 6.1 – Hur genusrelationer i kvinnliga värnpliktigas upplevelser skildras, på 1980-tal jämfört med 2020-tal (p. 42)
    6.1 Diskussion, egna reflektioner & förslag på vidare forskning (p. 42)
    6.2 Utvärdering av källor & kritisk reflektion (p. 44)
    6.3 Avslutande anmärkningar (p. 45)
  Källhänvisningar (p. 46)
  Appendix A (p. 49)
  Appendix B (p. 51)

Wikipedia: History of Europe: History of Sweden / History of Sweden (1967–1991), History of Sweden (1991–present) | Military: Swedish Armed Forces | Sex and the law: Sexual harassment / Sexual harassment in the military